Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico

The maize production in Chiapas implies the decision to grow local or hybrid maize. The latter present higher yields characteristics, but demand more inputs, particularly those related to soil degradation, water pollution, genetic diversity and knowledge losses over local maize varieties. The object...

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Main Authors:	Delgado-Ruiz, Fredy, Guevara-Hernández, Francisco, Acosta-Roca, Rosa
Format:	Online
Language:	spa
Published:	Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas 2018
Online Access:	https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/985
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id	oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-985
record_format	ojs
institution	CIENCIA UAT
collection	OJS
language	spa
format	Online
author	Delgado-Ruiz, Fredy Guevara-Hernández, Francisco Acosta-Roca, Rosa
spellingShingle	Delgado-Ruiz, Fredy Guevara-Hernández, Francisco Acosta-Roca, Rosa Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico
author_facet	Delgado-Ruiz, Fredy Guevara-Hernández, Francisco Acosta-Roca, Rosa
author_sort	Delgado-Ruiz, Fredy
title	Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico
title_short	Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico
title_full	Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico
title_fullStr	Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed	Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico
title_sort	farmers’ criteria for maize (zea mays l.) selection in villaflores and villa corzo, chiapas, mexico
description	The maize production in Chiapas implies the decision to grow local or hybrid maize. The latter present higher yields characteristics, but demand more inputs, particularly those related to soil degradation, water pollution, genetic diversity and knowledge losses over local maize varieties. The objective of this research was to identify the criteria used by small maize farmers in the election of seed for sowing in the Villaflores and Villa Corzo municipalities (Chiapas). The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with farmers’ participating in the ASERCA program and analyzed by percentages and frequencies. The hybrid maize is the most preferred variety by the small farmers in both municipalities, although some still prefer local maize (native) or bet on the cultivation of both due to use and customs reasons. The selectionof hybrid maizeseeds in both municipalities is based mainly on better yield characteristics, although in Villa Corzo, the selection of local varieties is due to their better resistance against pests and diseases. Additional criteria used to select the local seeds were: better lodging resistance, better moisture resistance, lower plant height, less seed rot and better drought tolerance. In local maize varieties, seed yield was considered an important factor in both municipalities, but a greater resistance against pests and diseases was only considered in Villa Corzo. The highest sale price was not an important consideration in neither of the two municipalities. Other criteria used to select the local seeds were better drought tolerance, seed lower cost, greater ear size, personal interest in conserving the local resource, better flavor and the possibility for the rotation of local varieties. The six wished characteristics of local maize varieties to be improved were: a lower plant height, a better yield, a better resistance to humidity and lodging, a greater grain weight, and a bigger size of ears and grains.
publisher	Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas
publishDate	2018
url	https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/985
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spelling	oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-9852020-08-24T17:27:15Z Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico Criterios campesinos para la selección de maíz (Zea mays L.) en Villaflores y Villa Corzo, Chiapas, México Delgado-Ruiz, Fredy Guevara-Hernández, Francisco Acosta-Roca, Rosa local knowledge small farmers maize farmers’ preferences seeds conocimiento local pequeños productores maíz preferencias semillas The maize production in Chiapas implies the decision to grow local or hybrid maize. The latter present higher yields characteristics, but demand more inputs, particularly those related to soil degradation, water pollution, genetic diversity and knowledge losses over local maize varieties. The objective of this research was to identify the criteria used by small maize farmers in the election of seed for sowing in the Villaflores and Villa Corzo municipalities (Chiapas). The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with farmers’ participating in the ASERCA program and analyzed by percentages and frequencies. The hybrid maize is the most preferred variety by the small farmers in both municipalities, although some still prefer local maize (native) or bet on the cultivation of both due to use and customs reasons. The selectionof hybrid maizeseeds in both municipalities is based mainly on better yield characteristics, although in Villa Corzo, the selection of local varieties is due to their better resistance against pests and diseases. Additional criteria used to select the local seeds were: better lodging resistance, better moisture resistance, lower plant height, less seed rot and better drought tolerance. In local maize varieties, seed yield was considered an important factor in both municipalities, but a greater resistance against pests and diseases was only considered in Villa Corzo. The highest sale price was not an important consideration in neither of the two municipalities. Other criteria used to select the local seeds were better drought tolerance, seed lower cost, greater ear size, personal interest in conserving the local resource, better flavor and the possibility for the rotation of local varieties. The six wished characteristics of local maize varieties to be improved were: a lower plant height, a better yield, a better resistance to humidity and lodging, a greater grain weight, and a bigger size of ears and grains. La producción de maíz en Chiapas implica la decisión de cultivar maíces locales o híbridos. Estos últimos, tienen rendimientos más altos, pero requieren mayor cantidad de insumos, asociados con la degradación de suelos, contaminación del agua, pérdida de diversidad genética y del conocimiento sobre las variedades locales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los criterios que usan los pequeños productores, en la selección del material genético, para la siembra de maíz en los municipios de Villaflores y Villa Corzo, Chiapas. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a productores participantes del programa ASERCA. El maíz híbrido presentó mayor preferencia en ambos municipios, aunque algunos productores prefirieron los maíces locales o cultivaron ambos, por razones de usos y costumbres. La selección de maíces híbridos en los dos municipios se hizo principalmente con base en el rendimiento, seguido de la mayor resistencia a plagas y enfermedades. Otros criterios empleados para elegir semillas híbridas fueron: mayor resistencia al acame, mayor resistencia a la humedad, menor altura a la planta, menor pudrición de semillas y mayor tolerancia a la sequía. En maíces locales, el rendimiento fue un parámetro de importancia en ambos municipios, pero la mayor resistencia a plagas y enfermedades fue solo considerada en Villa Corzo. Y el mejor precio de venta del grano no se consideró en ninguno de los dos municipios. Otros criterios empleados para seleccionar las semillas locales fueron: mayor tolerancia a la sequía, menor costo de la semilla, mayor tamaño de la mazorca, interés por conservar dicho material, mejor sabor y permitir la rotación de variedades locales. Las seis características deseables a mejorar en el maíz local fueron: una menor altura de planta, un mayor rendimiento, una mayor resistencia a la humedad y al acame, un mayor peso del grano, un mayor tamaño de mazorca y de granos. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas 2018-07-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html application/xml https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/985 10.29059/cienciauat.v13i1.985 CienciaUAT; Vol 13 No. 1. July-December 2018; 123-134 CienciaUAT; Vol. 13 No. 1: Julio-Diciembre 2018; 123-134 2007-7858 2007-7521 spa https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/985/435 https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/985/468 https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/985/660 Derechos de autor 2018 CienciaUAT

Farmers’ criteria for maize (Zea mays L.) selection in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico

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