Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam

Genetic improvement in plants can increase yield, productivity and resistance to stress by modifying the genotype of the progeny. The objective of the present work was to review selection criteria to support the implementation of breeding programs focused on yield and stress resistance. The pollinat...

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Main Authors:	Ontivero-Vasallo, Yadiana, Echeverría-Carracedo, Jahel, Palacios-Espinosa, Alejandro
Format:	Online
Language:	spa
Published:	Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas 2022
Online Access:	https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1511
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spelling	oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-15112022-12-08T18:19:44Z Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam Aspectos morfofisiológicos y genéticos para establecer programas de mejoramiento en Moringa oleifera Lam Ontivero-Vasallo, Yadiana Echeverría-Carracedo, Jahel Palacios-Espinosa, Alejandro reproduction resistance genetics selection reproducción resistencia genética selección Genetic improvement in plants can increase yield, productivity and resistance to stress by modifying the genotype of the progeny. The objective of the present work was to review selection criteria to support the implementation of breeding programs focused on yield and stress resistance. The pollination is mainly open, which makes it difficult to maintain the improvements in its genotype. It is advisable to establish crosses between specimens with superior characteristics. The main characters that show diversity and should be used as selection criteria are the trunk diameter, number of flowers per inflorescence, fruit length and weight, although also some foliar characteristics could constitute a positive selection criterion. AFLP, RAPD, SSR and cytochrome P450 markers have been used to study its genetic variability. Morphological criteria molecular markers are related and, therefore, complement each other. The major research gaps are related to the architecture of the root system, the pollen flow according to genotypes and resistance mechanisms against biotic stress. El mejoramiento genético en plantas permite incrementar el rendimiento, productividad y resistencia al estrés al modificar el genotipo de la progenie. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue revisar los criterios de selección que apoyen la implementación de programas de mejoramiento genético de Moringa oleifera enfocados en producción y resistencia al estrés. La polinización de esta planta es principalmente abierta, lo que dificulta mantener progresos en su genotipo. Lo recomendable es establecer cruzamientos entre ejemplares con características superiores. Los principales caracteres que muestran diversidad y deben ser empleados como criterio de selección son el diámetro del tronco, número de flores por inflorescencia, longitud y peso del fruto, aunque también algunas características foliares como mayor cantidad de follaje y mejor calidad nutritiva, podrían constituir un criterio positivo de selección. Los marcadores AFLP, RAPD, SSR y citocromo P450 se han empleado para estudiar su variabilidad genética. Los criterios morfológicos y los marcadores moleculares se muestran relacionados y, por lo tanto, se complementan. Los mayores vacíos de información están relacionados con la arquitectura del sistema radical, el flujo de polen según los genotipos y los mecanismos de resistencia contra el estrés biótico. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas 2022-01-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html text/xml https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1511 10.29059/cienciauat.v16i2.1511 CienciaUAT; Vol 16 No. 2. January-June 2022 ; 172-180 CienciaUAT; Vol. 16 No. 2: Enero-Junio 2022 ; 172-180 2007-7858 2007-7521 spa https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1511/919 https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1511/901 https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1511/948 Derechos de autor 2022 Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
institution	CIENCIA UAT
collection	OJS
language	spa
format	Online
author	Ontivero-Vasallo, Yadiana Echeverría-Carracedo, Jahel Palacios-Espinosa, Alejandro
spellingShingle	Ontivero-Vasallo, Yadiana Echeverría-Carracedo, Jahel Palacios-Espinosa, Alejandro Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam
author_facet	Ontivero-Vasallo, Yadiana Echeverría-Carracedo, Jahel Palacios-Espinosa, Alejandro
author_sort	Ontivero-Vasallo, Yadiana
title	Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam
title_short	Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam
title_full	Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam
title_fullStr	Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam
title_full_unstemmed	Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam
title_sort	morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in moringa oleifera lam
description	Genetic improvement in plants can increase yield, productivity and resistance to stress by modifying the genotype of the progeny. The objective of the present work was to review selection criteria to support the implementation of breeding programs focused on yield and stress resistance. The pollination is mainly open, which makes it difficult to maintain the improvements in its genotype. It is advisable to establish crosses between specimens with superior characteristics. The main characters that show diversity and should be used as selection criteria are the trunk diameter, number of flowers per inflorescence, fruit length and weight, although also some foliar characteristics could constitute a positive selection criterion. AFLP, RAPD, SSR and cytochrome P450 markers have been used to study its genetic variability. Morphological criteria molecular markers are related and, therefore, complement each other. The major research gaps are related to the architecture of the root system, the pollen flow according to genotypes and resistance mechanisms against biotic stress.
publisher	Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas
publishDate	2022
url	https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1511
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Morphophysiological and genetic aspects to establish breeding programs in Moringa oleifera Lam

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