Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico

The diversity of maize in Mexico is based on the presence of breeds that range from 59 to 64 varieties. Tamaulipas is a corn-producing state that contributes to sustain this enormous variation of breeds, especially in isolated regions. The biosphere ecological reserve “El Cielo” is located in a moun...

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Main Authors:	González-Martínez, Javier, Vanoye-Eligio, Venancio, Chacón-Hernández, Julio César, Rocandio-Rodríguez, Mario
Format:	Online
Language:	spa
Published:	Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas 2019
Online Access:	https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1246
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id	oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-1246
record_format	ojs
institution	CIENCIA UAT
collection	OJS
language	spa
format	Online
author	González-Martínez, Javier Vanoye-Eligio, Venancio Chacón-Hernández, Julio César Rocandio-Rodríguez, Mario
spellingShingle	González-Martínez, Javier Vanoye-Eligio, Venancio Chacón-Hernández, Julio César Rocandio-Rodríguez, Mario Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico
author_facet	González-Martínez, Javier Vanoye-Eligio, Venancio Chacón-Hernández, Julio César Rocandio-Rodríguez, Mario
author_sort	González-Martínez, Javier
title	Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico
title_short	Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico
title_full	Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico
title_fullStr	Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed	Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico
title_sort	diversity and characterization of native maize from the “el cielo” biosphere reserve, tamaulipas, mexico
description	The diversity of maize in Mexico is based on the presence of breeds that range from 59 to 64 varieties. Tamaulipas is a corn-producing state that contributes to sustain this enormous variation of breeds, especially in isolated regions. The biosphere ecological reserve “El Cielo” is located in a mountainous region, which comprises Jaumave, Ocampo, Gómez Farías and Llera de Canales municipalities. This region has been scarcely studied in spite of the degradation or extinction risks of native populations of maize due to factors such as changes in land use and natural phenomena. The objective of this work was to analyze the morphologic diversity of native maize varieties of “El Cielo” biosphere ecological reserve. Native maize harvests were collected in the municipalities that comprise the reserve during the months of February, March and April of 2016. The sample size ranged between 20 and 30 cobs of each variety, out of this sample 10 cobs were selected in order to register quantitative and qualitative variables. A multivariate analysis method of main components and conglomerates was used. Results show that 62.45 % of the samples were correspondent with total variation, which was explained by the first two main compo- nents. The variables with greater contribution to the variation were cob length, number of grains per row, cob weight, weight and volume of 100 grains, cob diameter, number of rows per hob and the relation of diameter/length in each cob. The native maize populations that are still cultivated at the biosphere ecological reserve “El Cielo” there was a wide morphological diversity of cob, as well as variation in the com- bination of grain and corncob color. This suggests that native populations possess a substantial potential as a gene pool and gene reservoir.
publisher	Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas
publishDate	2019
url	https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1246
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spelling	oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-12462020-01-29T11:50:18Z Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico Diversidad y caracterización de maíces nativos de la Reserva de la Biósfera “El Cielo”, Tamaulipas, México González-Martínez, Javier Vanoye-Eligio, Venancio Chacón-Hernández, Julio César Rocandio-Rodríguez, Mario main components maize native populations componentes principales maíz poblaciones nativas The diversity of maize in Mexico is based on the presence of breeds that range from 59 to 64 varieties. Tamaulipas is a corn-producing state that contributes to sustain this enormous variation of breeds, especially in isolated regions. The biosphere ecological reserve “El Cielo” is located in a mountainous region, which comprises Jaumave, Ocampo, Gómez Farías and Llera de Canales municipalities. This region has been scarcely studied in spite of the degradation or extinction risks of native populations of maize due to factors such as changes in land use and natural phenomena. The objective of this work was to analyze the morphologic diversity of native maize varieties of “El Cielo” biosphere ecological reserve. Native maize harvests were collected in the municipalities that comprise the reserve during the months of February, March and April of 2016. The sample size ranged between 20 and 30 cobs of each variety, out of this sample 10 cobs were selected in order to register quantitative and qualitative variables. A multivariate analysis method of main components and conglomerates was used. Results show that 62.45 % of the samples were correspondent with total variation, which was explained by the first two main compo- nents. The variables with greater contribution to the variation were cob length, number of grains per row, cob weight, weight and volume of 100 grains, cob diameter, number of rows per hob and the relation of diameter/length in each cob. The native maize populations that are still cultivated at the biosphere ecological reserve “El Cielo” there was a wide morphological diversity of cob, as well as variation in the com- bination of grain and corncob color. This suggests that native populations possess a substantial potential as a gene pool and gene reservoir. La diversidad del maíz en México se fundamenta por la presencia de 59 a 64 razas; Tamaulipas como estado productor contribuye a mantener la variabilidad entre razas, especialmente en las regiones aisladas. La reserva de la Biósfera “El Cielo” localizada en una región montañosa, que comprende los municipios de Jaumave, Ocampo, Gómez Farías y Llera de Canales, ha sido escasamente estudiada, a pesar de que existen riesgos de degradación o extinción de poblaciones nativas de maíz, por factores como cambios de uso de suelo y fenómenos naturales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la diversidad morfológica de poblaciones nativas de maíz de la Reserva de la Biósfera “El Cielo”. Durante los meses de febrero, marzo y abril del 2016, se realizaron recolectas de maíces nativos en los municipios que comprenden la reserva. El tamaño de la muestra varió, entre 20 y 30 mazorcas de cada población, y de estas, se eligieron 10 mazorcas para registrar variables cuantitativas y cualitativas. Se utilizaron los métodos multivariados de análisis de componentes principales y conglomerados. El 62.45 % correspondió a la variación total, la cual fue explicada por los dos primeros componentes principales, y las variables con mayor contribución a la variación fueron longitud de mazorca, número de granos por hilera, peso de mazorca, peso y volumen de 100 granos, diámetro de mazorca y de olote, número de hileras por mazorca y la relación diámetro/longitud de mazorca. En las poblaciones nativas de maíz que aún se cultivan en la Reserva de la Biósfera “El Cielo”, se encontró amplia diversidad morfológica de mazorca, así como variación en la combinación de colores de grano y olote, lo que sugiere que las poblaciones nativas representan un amplio potencial como acervo genético y reservorio de genes. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas 2019-07-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html application/xml https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1246 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i1.1246 CienciaUAT; Vol 14 No. 1. July-December 2019; 06-17 CienciaUAT; Vol. 14 No. 1: Julio-Diciembre 2019; 06-17 2007-7858 2007-7521 spa https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1246/599 https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1246/602 https://revistaciencia.uat.edu.mx/index.php/CienciaUAT/article/view/1246/694 Derechos de autor 2019 CienciaUAT

Diversity and characterization of native maize from the “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico

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